[20200114]IF11407_Defender Europe 20军事演习、历史（重组）演习和美军在欧洲的态势.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov January 14, 2020Defender 2020-Europe Military Exercise, Historical (REFORGER) Exercises, and U.S. Force Posture in EuropeOn October 7, 2019, the U.S. Army announced it would conduct the largest U.S.-based exercise of forces deploying to Europe in the past 25 years: Defender 2020-Europe. While some have compared it to annual Cold War-era REFORGER military exercises, the Army suggests that while similar, Defender 2020-Europe will be a more complex exercise than historical REFORGER exercises in terms of logistics, multinational command and control, and multidomain operations. Defender 2020-Europe From a military standpoint, in the event of a major conflict on the European continent, present force levels, including units in Europe as part of the “heel-to-toe” rotations, could prove to be insufficient to defend U.S. and allied interests. In that scenario, the United States may choose to flow significant additional forces across the Atlantic, an undertaking that would be complex under optimal circumstances, and exponentially more so under conditions of war, when an adversary might seek to actively prevent the arrival of U.S. forces and equipment (“anti-acc