[20200127]IF11420_飞机噪声与空中交通管制现代化.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov January 27, 2020Aircraft Noise and Air Traffic Control ModernizationThe Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is replacing its radar-based air traffic control system with a satellite-based navigation and tracking system called NextGen. The stated purpose of NextGen is to increase airspace utilization and improve air traffic flows, allowing airliners to fly more efficiently, thereby cutting fuel consumption and reducing emissions. In order to achieve these objectives, FAA is reconfiguring airspace by modifying flight routes, and by creating new approach and departure procedures at airports. Planning and implementing these changes has met with backlash from some communities where overflights have become more frequent, prompting legislative action regarding FAAs approaches to measuring aircraft noise, assessing impacts, and conducting community outreach. NextGen Changes As part of the NextGen effort, FAA is establishing new approach and departure patterns at airports to implement precision navigation capabilities. FAA refers to these procedures as Performance Based Navigation (PBN). To implement PBN in complex airspace around major metropolitan areas, F