[20200218]IF11432_联邦对参加非学位教育和培训计划的个人的援助.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov February 18, 2020Federal Aid for Individuals Pursuing Non-degree Education and Training ProgramsIntroduction The Trump Administration and Congress have demonstrated bipartisan support for increasing federal assistance to individuals pursuing postsecondary non-degree programs, sometimes referred to as short-term programs. A prominent argument for supporting individuals pursuing non-degree programs is that there is a substantial employer need for individuals with some postsecondary credentials but not necessarily a degree. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics in 2016, 6% of jobs in the national economy were in occupations for which the typical entry-level education was a non-degree credential. Postsecondary non-degree programs often provide training and education primarily to individuals who are beyond the typical age for secondary education. Non-degree programs may be described as primarily provided by employers (work-based learning) or by educational institutions (non-degree instructional education), although some programs include both work-based learning and instructional training. Some occupations require a non-degree credential early in an