[20200311]IN11235_新冠病毒-19：潜在经济影响.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress INSIGHTINSIGHTi i COVID-19: Potential Economic Effects March 11, 2020 This Insight discusses the potential economic effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) on the U.S. economy. For background on the coronavirus, see CRS In Focus IF11421, COVID-19: Global Implications and Responses, by Sara M. Tharakan et al. Channels Through Which the Virus Could Affect the Economy Although the COVID-19 outbreak presently is most widespread abroad, it will directly affect foreign demand for U.S. exports of goods and services. As discussed in this CRS In Focus, the coronavirus could also disrupt U.S. companies international supply chains. If COVID-19 becomes widespread in the United States, it could directly reduce domestic economic activity by reducing both supply and demand. On the supply side, hours worked would be reduced by illnesses and fatalities and any work stoppages to prevent the virus from spreading. On the demand side, spending could be reduced by quarantines and other attempts to avoid crowds, such as public event cancellations. In addition, fear and uncertainty could reduce business and consumer confidence, leading to a reducti