[20200327]IN11285_在疾病爆发期间促进行为改变：非洲埃博拉疫情应对的启示.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress INSIGHTINSIGHTi i Fostering Behavior Change During Disease Outbreaks: Insights from Ebola Response in Africa Alexis Arieff Specialist in African Affairs Tomas F. Husted Analyst in African Affairs Nicolas Cook Specialist in African Affairs March 27, 2020 The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted governments worldwide to seek to change behaviors on a mass scale to stem new infections. (Click here for CRS resources on COVID-19.) The challenges and successes of analogous efforts during the two largest Ebola outbreaks to datein West Africa (2014-2016), and in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), starting in 2018 and now seemingly waningmay offer lessons for current efforts to contain COVID-19, even though the two viruses differ in significant ways. Dubbed by some a “disease of social intimacy,” Ebola is transmitted through direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected individual. Highly personal interactions, such as caring for infected family members and burying the dead, can spark chains of infections. In both Ebola outbreaks, authorities sought to convince or compel local populations to stop touching while exchanging