[20200416]IF10400_墨西哥类阿片贩运趋势及对美墨安全合作的影响 .pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated April 16, 2020Trends in Mexican Opioid Trafficking and Implications for U.S.-Mexico Security Cooperation As a primary source of and transit country for illicit drugs destined for the United States, Mexico plays a key role in U.S. drug control policy. Included among the illicit drugs produced in Mexico are heroin, fentanyl, fentanyl analogues, and other opioidssubstances that have contributed to the ongoing opioid epidemic in the United States. As policymakers search for solutions to the current opioid crisis, some may look abroad to the countries where illicit U.S.-bound opioids are produced and trafficked, including Mexico. Global Context Heroin is a highly addictive and internationally controlled narcotic processed from morphine and extracted from certain types of opium poppy plants. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), global opium poppy cultivation levels were higher in 2017 and 2018 than in any year since 2000. Less than 10% of global opium poppy cultivation took place in Mexico. Although heroin from Southwest and Southeast Asia accounts for the vast majority of global production, Latin America has featured