[20200504]IF11533_修改或终止美国原产国防用品的销售.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov May 4, 2020Modifying or Ending Sales of U.S.-Origin Defense ArticlesThe U.S. government has in law a number of mechanisms by which it can alter or end the sales of U.S.-origin defense articles when foreign countries misuse such items. Arms Export Control Act and Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 The Arms Export Control Act (AECA; P.L. 90-629, as amended; 22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) and the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (FAA; P.L. 87-195, as amended; 22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) establish the statutory foundations governing Foreign Military Sales (FMS) and Direct Commercial Sales (DCS) to foreign consumers, including foreign governments. FMS refers to the sale of U.S.-origin defense articles, equipment, services, and training (hereinafter referred to as “defense articles”) on a government-to-government basis. DCS refers to the sale of U.S. government-licensed defense articles and services directly from U.S. firms to eligible foreign governments and international organizations. These laws require that such sales be for specific authorized military purposes and establish eligibility prerequisites for potential foreign customers. Prospective recipients of FMS must