[20200611]IF11566_国会、文官控制军队和无党派.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated June 11, 2020Congress, Civilian Control of the Military, and NonpartisanshipThe possible use of federal armed forces as part of the U.S. executive branchs response to incidents of violence during racial justice protests has raised questions about how the military is controlled by domestic political institutions and the U.S. militarys relationship with American society. Article I of the U.S. Constitution grants specific powers to Congress, making the legislative branch a key actor in governing, overseeing, and funding the U.S. military. What Is Civilian Control of the Military? How to advance the nations security while at the same time ensuring that instruments of force do not undermine the practice of American democracy has been a central question since the founding of the United States, if not before. The designers of the Constitution were deeply skeptical of a standing army, as such a military instrument could also overthrow the government it professed to serve, much like Oliver Cromwell demonstrated in 1653 when he used his army to disband the English Parliament. Consternation regarding British deployment of its military to the American co