[20200623]IN11431_货运基础设施拨款：参众两院提案.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress INSIGHTINSIGHTi i Grant Funding for Freight Infrastructure: House and Senate Proposals June 23, 2020 The Fixing Americas Surface Transportation Act of 2015 (FAST Act, P.L. 114-94) created two grant programs to facilitate freight movement, especially multimodal freight using some combination of trucks, trains, and/or ships. The National Highway Freight Program (NHFP, 23 U.S.C. 167) distributes funding to states according to a mathematical formula and can be used for projects located on a predefined highway network with some flexibility for multimodal infrastructure. The Nationally Significant Freight and Highway Projects Program (23 U.S.C. 117) is a competitive discretionary program that can be used for a wider variety of projects that may outstrip an individual states financing capacity. Committees in each chamber have advanced legislation reauthorizing these programs with modifications. The House and Senate proposals for the NHFP have relatively few differences. In contrast, the proposals for the Section 117 program differ more dramatically. Broadly speaking, the Senate bill would retain the existing program with slightly