[20200717]IF10896_欧盟数据保护规则和美国的影响.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated July 17, 2020EU Data Protection Rules and U.S. Implications Data Privacy and Protection in the United States and Europe U.S. and European Union (EU) policymakers are focused on protection of personal data online with recent and proposed legislation and enforcement actions. Data breaches at companies such as Facebook, Apple, and Marriott have contributed to heightened public awareness. The EUs General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)which took effect on May 25, 2018has drawn the attention of Congress, U.S. businesses and other stakeholders, prompting debate on U.S. federal and state data privacy and protection policies. Both the United States and the 27-member EU assert that they are committed to upholding individual privacy rights and ensuring the protection of personal data, including electronic data. Differences in U.S. and EU approaches to data privacy and protection, however, have long been sticking points in U.S.-EU economic and security relations. The GDPR highlights some of those differences and poses challenges for U.S. companies doing business in the EU. Although no longer a member of the EU, the United Kingdom (UK) remains bound by