[20200901]IF11003_全球移民契约（GCM）与美国政策.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated September 1, 2020The Global Compact on Migration (GCM) and U.S. PolicyCongress has demonstrated ongoing interest in the global migration crisis, particularly with recent flows of migrants and refugees to the United States from Central America and Mexico. In 2019 an estimated 272 million international migrants formed roughly 3.5% of the worlds population. Although not formally defined under international law, many experts generally agree that an international migrant is someone who changes his or her country of usual residence, temporarily or permanently, and for a variety of reasons. The decision to move is usually made out of a choice related to livelihood, improved economic circumstances, or family ties. However, as discussed below, certain factors may force individuals to leave involuntarily. In response to increasing numbers of people on the move, the U.N. General Assembly High-Level Plenary Summit on Refugees and Migrants in September 2016 adopted the “New York Declaration,” which aims to save lives, protect rights, and share responsibility for refugees and migrants on a global scale. Building on this initiative, U.N. member states devel