[20200908]IF10401_转基因蚊子：一种减少病毒传播的媒介控制技术.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated September 8, 2020Genetically Engineered Mosquitoes: A Vector Control Technology for Reducing Virus TransmissionBackground In February 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Zika virus a “public health emergency of international concern.” WHO defines such a public health emergency (1) to constitute a public health risk to other states through the international spread of disease and (2) to potentially require a coordinated international response. This definition implies a situation that is serious, unusual, or unexpected; carries implications for public health beyond the affected states national border; and may require immediate international action. While only about one out of five persons infected with Zika virus exhibit even the common symptoms of mild fever, rash, and joint pain, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed that Zika-infected pregnant women were at risk for delivering babies with microcephaly, a birth defect of the cerebral cortex where a babys head is smaller than expected based on sex and age. Zika virus triggered outbreaks in 33 countries and territories, although confirmed cases linkin