[20201016]IF11429_N禁止伊朗武器转让和制裁.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated October 16, 2020U.N. Ban on Iran Arms Transfers and Sanctions SnapbackOverview A 2015 multilateral Iran nuclear agreement (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, JCPOA), provides for limits on Irans nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief. Annex B of U.N. Security Council Resolution 2231 (July 17, 2015), which endorsed the JCPOA, provided for a ban on the transfer of arms to or from Iran until October 18, 2020. The Trump Administration, supported by many in Congress, sought to extend the ban in order to try to prevent Iran from acquiring new conventional weaponry. On August 14, the U.N. Security Council, including two key potential arms suppliers of IranRussia and Chinavoted down a U.S. draft to extend the arms transfer ban. An overwhelming majority of the Council also has refused to recognize a U.S. assertion that it had standing to implement the provision of Resolution 2231 that enables JCPOA participants to snap back all U.N. sanctions on Iran, including the arms transfer ban. The dispute over the U.S snapback request remains unresolved. Annex B also contains a ban, until October 18, 2023, on supplying equipment with which Iran could