[20201106]IF10901_儿童兵预防法：安全援助限制.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated November 6, 2020Child Soldiers Prevention Act: Security Assistance RestrictionsThe recruitment and use of children in armed conflict is broadly viewed as a human rights problem, a form of trafficking in persons, among the worst forms of child labor, and a war crime. The United Nations (U.N.) has identified the recruitment and use of child soldiers as among six “grave violations” affecting children in war and has established numerous monitoring and reporting mechanisms and initiatives to combat this practice. The U.N. affirmatively verified over 7,000 children as having been recruited and used as soldiers in 2019 alone; more than 90% of these cases were attributed to recruitment by non-State actors. U.S. efforts to eradicate this phenomenon internationally are guided largely by the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008 (CSPA, Title IV of P.L. 110-457), which defines the term “child soldier” under U.S. law and restricts certain security assistance to countries that recruit or use child soldiers, among other provisions. The Child Soldier Prevention Act of 2018 (Title II, Subtitle B of P.L. 115-425), which became law in January 2019, strengthened