[20201110]IF11680_美国环境保护局的综合风险信息系统（IRIS）：化学品毒性评估.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov November 10, 2020U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS): Toxicity Assessment of ChemicalsThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) program in 1985 to consolidate human health toxicity assessments that the agency had prepared in order to implement various pollution control statutes (e.g., Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act). Specific incidents, such as the 1984 leak of methyl isocyanate from a Union Carbide facility in Bhopal, India, reinforced the need for a better understanding of human health toxicity from exposure to various chemicals. Over time, findings from IRIS assessments have informed many different agency actions, including regulatory requirements that EPA has established under various pollution control statutes. Given that these actions may require regulated entities to incur significant compliance costs and determine the extent of health benefits, the process that EPA follows to conduct IRIS assessments and the findings of such assessments have received considerable attention. EPAs IRIS program is not authorized explicitly in statute, bu