[20201130]IF10963_美国经济简介：个人储蓄.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated November 30, 2020Introduction to U.S. Economy: Personal SavingPersonal saving, which includes the saving of households but not of businesses or government, can have a significant impact at both the individual and economy-wide levels in the long and short terms. Recent trends in personal saving, specifically during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, have shown notable increases in the personal saving rate. Economic Considerations The saving rate, which is the ratio of total personal saving to disposable income, presents a tradeoff between current and future consumption. A relatively low saving rate implies higher current consumption but lower future consumption. Greater present consumption boosts individuals living standards now; however, it leaves little to be invested in capital projects that will boost future living standards. Conversely, a relatively high saving rate implies lower current consumption but higher future consumption. This tradeoff has implications for both short-term and long-term economic growth. Short-Term Economic Impacts In the short term, a rising personal saving rate can temporarily slow economic activity