[20201211]IF11701_美墨贸易中的季节性水果和蔬菜竞争.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov December 11, 2020Seasonal Fruit and Vegetable Competition in U.S.-Mexico TradeAs part of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) negotiation, the United States attempted to resolve ongoing trade imbalances with Mexico for seasonal and perishable fruits and vegetables through rule changes to U.S. trade laws. The Trump Administration had hoped such changes could make it easier to initiate trade remedy cases against (mostly Mexican) exports to the United States and would respond to complaints by some fruit and vegetable producers, mostly in southeastern U.S. states, who claim to be adversely affected by import competition from Mexico. Several Members of Congress from these states have supported such actions. However, USMCA, which came into force in 2020, did not include seasonal produce protections. Instead, the Trump Administration initiated a series of trade remedy and fact-finding investigations. U.S. Fruit and Vegetable Trade Situation The United States has gone from being a net exporter of fresh and processed fruits and vegetables in the early 1990s to being a net importer of fruits and vegetables today (see Figure 1). In 2019, the gap be