[20210201]IF11753_越南经济和美国贸易：2021的关键问题.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov February 1, 2021Vietnams Economy and U.S. Trade: Key Issues in 2021Over the last decade, Vietnam has emerged as a major manufacturing center in Asia, and has risen to become one of the top 10 trading partners for the United States. The expansion of Vietnams export-oriented manufacturing sector contributed to Vietnam experiencing rapid economic growth during most of the decade. Vietnams rise to be a major U.S. trading partner was stimulated in part by shifts in regional supply chains, driven by rising production costs in the Peoples Republic of China (China, or PRC), as well as trade tensions between the PRC and the United States. The expansion of bilateral trade has resulted in a major increase in the U.S. merchandise trade deficit with Vietnam (see Figure 1). The growth in trade also contributed to other forms of trade friction. The Trump Administration accused Vietnam of unfair trade practices, including an allegation of currency manipulation. Vietnam has claimed that the U.S. government has utilized unwarranted trade restrictions and regulations to block Vietnamese exports to the United States, particularly exports of catfish. Figure 1. Growth in