[20210317]IN11636_2019冠状病毒疾病对银行业的影响：2020年底情况.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress INSIGHTINSIGHTi i COVID-19 Impact on the Banking Industry: Conditions at the End of 2020 March 17, 2021 Although bank regulation is designed to allow banks to withstand some amount of unexpected losses, the economic ramifications of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic could result in enough borrowers missing loan payments to cause distress for banks. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) releases comprehensive data on bank condition and income quarterly, and it recently released the Quarterly Banking Profile: Fourth Quarter 2020, which reports aggregate data from all 5,001 FDIC-insured institutions as of December 31, 2020. This Insight presents certain bank industry statistics as of the end of 2020 and examines how the pandemic might be affecting the industry. Background Economic downturns threaten bank profitability, reduce bank income, and impose losses as borrowers miss repayments. Meanwhile, bank liabilitiesthe deposits they hold and the debt they oweobligate banks to make funds available to depositors and creditors. If borrower repayments decline enough, a banks ability to meet its obligations