[20210408]IF11440_美国杀伤人员地雷使用政策.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated April 8, 2021U.S. Antipersonnel Landmine Use Policy2020 Trump Administration Landmine Policy On January 31, 2020, the Department of Defense (DOD) announced a new policy on the use of antipersonnel landmines (APLs). According to a January 31, 2020, DOD memorandum, President Trump “decided to cancel Presidential Policy Directive-37 (PPD-37),” which was issued by the Obama Administration in January 2016. The Administration adopted the new policy following an internal DOD review ordered by former Secretary of Defense James Mattis that was completed in 2018. The January 2020 memorandum permits Combatant Commanders to authorize the use of nonpersistent APLs regardless of geographic location “when necessary for mission success in major contingencies or other exceptional circumstances.” Nonpersistent landmines, according to the memorandum, “must possess self-destruction mechanisms and self-deactivation features.” Persistent landmines, which the new policy forbids, lack these features. PPD-37 forbade the use of APLs “outside the Korean Peninsula,” as well as assisting, encouraging, or inducing “anyone outside the Korean Peninsula to engage in activity