[20210430]IF11821_净零排放承诺：背景和最新发展.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov April 30, 2021Net-Zero Emissions Pledges: Background and Recent DevelopmentsOn January 27, 2021, President Biden signed Executive Order 14008, which expressed the intent to “put the United States on a path to achieve net-zero emissions, economy-wide, by no later than 2050.” A number of other countries, as well as cities, regions, and companies, have also made “net-zero” emissions pledges. This In Focus explains the concept of net-zero emissions, identifies recent net-zero pledges, and presents a series of questions to consider when examining net-zero pledges. This In Focus does not address or evaluate the challenges involved in achieving net-zero targets or the technological advances and/or policy options that would likely be needed to reach them. Background Net-zero emissions refers to a situation where any continued human-caused greenhouse gas (GHG) from an entity (e.g., country, subnational government, company) is balanced by human, or anthropogenic, carbon removal from the atmosphere that stores the carbon dioxide (CO2) in geological, terrestrial, or ocean reservoirs, or in products. Carbon removal can include enhanced carbon storage in forests,