[20210506]IF11177_TurkStream：俄罗斯南部通往欧洲的管道.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated May 6, 2021TurkStream: Russias Southern Pipeline to EuropeGazprom, Russias leading state-owned energy company, has long sought to protect its share of Europes natural gas market. Along with the controversial and still unfinished Nord Stream 2 project (see CRS In Focus IF11138, Russias Nord Stream 2 Pipeline: Continued Uncertainty), Gazproms TurkStream project may strengthen Russias foothold in European energy markets, especially in southeastern Europe. It also could cement Turkeys longtime status as a lead recipient of Russian gas, even as Russias overall share of Turkish gas imports has recently decreased. Opponents of the TurkStream project, including some Members of Congress, have expressed concern that the project could erode Ukraines transit role for natural gas. Many analysts maintain that Moscow could use its energy exports as leverage in countries that are dependent upon Russian natural gas. The United States, in turn, supports projects to diversify natural gas supplies to Europe and undercut Russias market dominance. Background The EU is Russias largest natural gas export market. In 2019, Russia supplied about 38% of the EUs natural