[20210518]IF11834_磁悬浮列车：技术背景、成本估算和最新发展.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov May 18, 2021Magnetic Levitation (Maglev) Trains: Technical Background, Cost Estimates, and Recent DevelopmentsSince the 1990s, the U.S. Department of Transportation has provided funding to support development and construction of a train system operated by magnetic levitation (maglev). Maglev trains use magnetic forces to create a cushion of space between a vehicle and its guideway, reducing friction and permitting top speeds in excess of 300 miles per hour, which are not achievable by conventional wheel-on-rail trains. The high speeds reached by maglev could theoretically shorten some intercity trips to the length of a local transit ride. Maglev trains can travel roughly 50% faster than the fastest high-speed rail trains currently in use abroad and nearly twice the top speed of Amtraks Acela, currently the fastest passenger train in the United States. At full speed, maglev trains could offer travel times competitive with airline flights at distances of up to 750 miles. At that range, maglev could serve city pairs too far apart to have merited serious consideration for new high-speed rail lines, such as Chicago-Washington, DC (700 miles), or Atlanta-M