[20210608]LSB10606_《美国残疾人法案》（ADA）和街头警察遭遇案.pdf

CRS Legal Sidebar Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Legal SidebarLegal Sidebari i The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and On-the-Street Police Encounters June 8, 2021 Introduction The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates, as its core imperative, that both public and private sector entities offer “reasonable accommodations” in their policies and practices for those with disabilities. Courts have applied the ADAs Title II reasonable accommodation provision, which prohibits discrimination by “public entities,” to a broad array of public programs and services, ranging from use of city streets to municipal contracting to access to public benefits. Although the courts have consistently held that police departments are “public entities” and that Title II applies to at least some state and local law enforcement functions, the courts are split on whether the ADAs reasonable accommodation requirement applies to on-the-street encounters with law enforcement officers, such as use-of-force situations or arrests. A 2015 Supreme Court case, City of San Francisco v. Sheehan, promised potential resolution of this issue, considering whether Title II required law enforce