[20210806]IF11893_零售电子支付系统中的商户折扣、交换和其他交易费用.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov August 6, 2021Merchant Discount, Interchange, and Other Transaction Fees in the Retail Electronic Payment SystemRecent policy discussions around faster payments, cryptocurrencies, and other financial innovations have highlighted some of the costs and fees associated with the retail payment system. In the past, Congress has passed legislation regulating some of the fees associated with certain electronic transactions (e.g., Section 1075 of P.L. 111-203, known as the “Durbin Amendment,” discussed below). Further, the pandemic highlighted the impact of transaction costs on small businesses in an economic environment that took its toll on many retailers. This InFocus examines the range of transaction costs associated with various retail electronic payments and the fee structures for the two most common payment types: debit cards and credit cards. Retail Electronic Payments Structure Consumers and merchants can transfer money in a number of different ways. Cash, checks, and electronic transaction cards such as prepaid, debit, and credit cards are examples. The most popular payment types of electronic transaction devices for retail payments are debit and c