[20210902]IF10564_社会保障信托基金投资实践.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated September 2, 2021Social Security Trust Fund Investment PracticesBackground Social Security is a self-financing program that provides monthly cash benefits to retired or disabled workers, and to the eligible family members of retired, disabled, or deceased workers. There are about 65 million beneficiaries in 2021. Workers gain benefit eligibility for themselves and their family members by working in jobs covered by Social Security, among other requirements. An estimated 176 million workers (94% of all workers in 2021) are covered by Social Security. Covered workers and their employers must pay Social Security payroll taxes, which are the programs primary source of income. The program also receives income from the federal income taxes that some beneficiaries pay on a portion of their benefits. Together, these dedicated tax revenues represent 93.2% of Social Securitys total income. Social Security operates with a trust fund financing mechanism. The Social Security trust funds are accounts within the U.S. Treasury that (1) track income and expenditures for the program and (2) hold the accumulated assets for the program. As such, they represent fu