[20210929]IN11360_2020年人口普查后的分配和重新划分.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress INSIGHTINSIGHTi i Apportionment and Redistricting Following the 2020 Census Updated September 29, 2021 The census, apportionment, and congressional redistricting are interrelated processes that occur every decade. The U.S. Constitution provides that a decennial census determines the distribution of U.S. House seats across states. Dividing House seats across states is known as apportionment (or reapportionment). Each state must receive one House seat and additional seats are distributed proportionally based on state population size. States then engage in redistricting, creating or redrawing geographic subdivisions with relatively equal-sized populations for each House district. Timelines for the census and apportionment are provided in federal statute and generally occur as scheduled every decade. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, however, affected 2020 census field operations and delivery of apportionment figures, and concerns remain about timing for the redistricting processes that follow. This Insight provides background on the typical timing of the census, apportionment, and redistricting, as well as a b