[20211007]IF11942_人口贩运：主要联邦刑事法规.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov October 7, 2021Human Trafficking: Key Federal Criminal StatutesFederal law criminalizes human trafficking, which typically involves the threat or use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain commercial sex acts, labor, or other services. See 22 U.S.C. 7102(11) (defining “severe forms of trafficking in persons”). Trafficking-related offenses tend to carry lengthy prison terms, potentially including life imprisonment for conduct involving actual or attempted killing, kidnapping, or aggravated sexual abuse. Attempts or conspiracies to commit trafficking offenses are subject to similar penalties, and convictions may result in forfeiture of property and proceeds related to the offense. See 18 U.S.C. 1594, 2433(e), 2428. Some federal prohibitions on human trafficking have their roots in the Thirteenth Amendments guarantees against slavery and involuntary servitude, while prohibitions focusing on commercial sex acts often seem premised on Congresss power over interstate and foreign commerce. While federal law has barred slavery and involuntary servitude since the Reconstruction era, and the transportation of persons across state lines for purposes of prostitu