[20211124]IF11747_社会保障：效益计算概述.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated November 24, 2021Social Security: Benefit Calculation OverviewBackground Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) and Disability Insurance (DI), referred to on a combined basis as OASDI, are social insurance programs that protect workers and their family members against a loss of income due to old age, disability, or death. These programs are often referred to as Social Security. Most Social Security beneficiaries are retired or disabled workers whose monthly benefits depend on their past earnings, their age, and other factors. Benefits are also paid to workers eligible dependents and survivors based on the workers earning record. This In Focus provides an overview of the computation of Social Security benefits. The examples used throughout are for those of a hypothetical medium earnera worker who consistently earned at a medium levelborn in 1952 (the most recent year for which complete information on indexed earnings and program-specific factors are known). From 2015 through 2020, roughly 30% of workers retiring had career-average earnings at about the medium level (see “Related Resources”). Eligibility and Insured Status About 94% of workers