[20211220]IF12002_联邦生物医学研究中的动物使用：政策概述.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov December 20, 2021Animal Use in Federal Biomedical Research: A Policy OverviewAnimals commonly are used in federally funded biomedical research for a number of reasonsfor example, to better understand the biology of disease or to test the safety and efficacy of medical products. The existing federal policy framework generally reflects a balance of animal welfare considerations with the scientific value of such research and encourages the development and use of alternatives to animals where possible. Various federal statutes and policies seek to ensure the welfare of animals used in such research. Different policies apply depending on the type of animals used, the entity conducting the research, and the source of funding. Many of the policy requirements place the primary responsibility for ensuring animal welfare on the funded research institution (e.g., a university). Separately, enacted legislation and other policy efforts have sought to reduce, refine, and replace the use of animals in biomedical research (principles known as the “Three Rs”). This report provides an overview of certain laws and policiesfocusing on the Animal Welfare Act (AWA, 7 U.S.