[20220118]IF10183_美国对外援助.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated January 18, 2022U.S. Foreign AssistanceWhat Is U.S. Foreign Assistance? Foreign assistance is an instrument of U.S. policy through which the U.S. government provides resources to another countrys government, civil society, or other private sector entity on a grant or concessional loan basis. Most U.S. foreign assistance is administered by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID); the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC); the U.S. Departments of State, Agriculture (USDA), the Treasury, and Defense (DOD); or is channeled through multilateral organizations. U.S. foreign assistance can take many forms. Most aid is provided through projects implemented by U.S. and international agencies, contractors, or nongovernmental organizations. It takes the form of expert technical advice, training, equipment, and construction in a wide range of sectors (see Figure 1), and can support vaccines, malaria nets, textbooks, roads and other infrastructure, food, educational exchanges, finance, and military weaponry. On average, about 2% of aid is provided as direct budget support (cash) to foreign governments. Congress provides authorization and app