[20220209]IF12039_阿富汗：人道主义危机、经济崩溃和美国制裁.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov February 9, 2022Afghanistan: Humanitarian Crisis, Economic Collapse, and U.S. SanctionsHumanitarian and economic conditions in Afghanistan, long one of the worlds poorest and most aid-dependent countries, have deteriorated significantly since the Talibans August 2021 takeover, creating the largest humanitarian crisis in the world. The Biden Administration and many Members of Congress seek to maintain sanctions on the Taliban and avoid actions that would empower the group or legitimize its rule. At the same time, they and many others in the international community seek to respond to the urgent humanitarian crisis. Afghanistans needs will persist in the absence of sustainable economic development that may be difficult without greater engagement with the Taliban. Afghanistan Pre-Taliban Takeover Prior to the Taliban takeover, roughly half of Afghanistans population (18.4 million people, out of 35-40 million) faced a severe humanitarian crisis across a wide range of metrics. Conflict, natural disasters (including severe droughts in 2018 and 2020), and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic contributed to deteriorating humanitarian conditions an