[20220303]IF11616_克拉马斯河大坝拆除和恢复.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated March 3, 2022Klamath River Dam Removal and RestorationThe Klamath River Basin (Figure 1)a 12,000 square mile area on the California-Oregon borderis a focal point for discussions on water allocation and species protection. These issues have generated conflict among farmers, Indian tribes, fishermen, water project and wildlife refuge managers, environmental groups, hydropower facility operators, and state and local governments. Background Multiple people and species rely on Klamath Basin waters. Irrigated agriculture in the Upper Klamath Basin is supported in part with water from the federal Bureau of Reclamations (Reclamations) Klamath Project and in part with off-project supplies. Further, six national wildlife refuges rely on basin waters to sustain migratory bird habitat and several Native American tribes historically depended on lower and upper basin fish species. Mitigating the effects of water management, habitat alteration, and other factors on listed species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) is a perennial issue in the basin. Two species of upper basin fish are currently listed as endangered under the ESAth