[20220304]IF11921_地面运输和气候变化：《基础设施投资和就业法案》（P.L117-58).pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated March 4, 2022Surface Transportation and Climate Change: Provisions in the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (P.L. 117-58)Surface transportation is a major source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, one of the main greenhouse gases (GHGs) contributing to climate change. The effects of climate change, such as extreme heat and sea level rise, also pose a threat to highways, bridges, and public transportation infrastructure. Congress reauthorized the surface transportation programs as part of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58). The IIJA included mitigation policies and programs aiming to reduce GHG emissions from surface transportation and adaptation policies and programs aiming to make the surface transportation system less vulnerable and more resilient to the impacts of actual or expected future climate change. As with previous authorization acts, the IIJA funded surface transportation programs from the Highway Trust Fund (HTF). The IIJA also provided funding with a multiyear advance appropriation from the Treasury general fund. Transportation and GHG Emissions The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) est