[20220315]LSB10709_战争罪：基础.pdf

CRS Legal Sidebar Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Legal SidebarLegal Sidebari i War Crimes: A Primer March 15, 2022 The Russian invasion of Ukraine has given rise to numerous accusations of war crimes. This Insight addresses the sources and content of the law of war, also known as the law of armed conflict or international humanitarian law (IHL) as it pertains to war crimes that occur in an international armed conflict. IHL applies to the conduct of war; it does not address the legality of the war itself. For information about potential accountability for war crimes in international tribunals, see CRS Legal Sidebar LSB10704, The Role of International Tribunals in the Response to the Invasion of Ukraine, by Nina M. Hart and Stephen P. Mulligan. Sources of International Humanitarian Law IHL is a combination of international treaties and customary international law. The Hague Convention of 1907 generally prescribes rules of conduct for armed forces, while the Geneva Conventions and Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts 1 (Protocol 1) address the rights of protected per