[20220318]IF12063_经济制裁的执行：概述.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov March 18, 2022Enforcement of Economic Sanctions: An OverviewAs part of the response to Russias invasion of Ukraine, the United States and many other international actors have imposed economic restrictive measures (“economic sanctions”) on individuals and entities financing or otherwise connected with the Russian and Belarusian governments. In the United States, the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) within the Department of the Treasury (Treasury) often leads sanctions implementation. OFAC and the Department of Justice (DOJ) serve as the primary enforcers of economic sanctions measures, although other federal agencies play a role in enforcement efforts. This In Focus provides a brief overview of the economic sanctions regime and how it is enforced. Imposition of Economic Sanctions Most economic sanctions are imposed using authority delegated to the President in the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) and the National Emergencies Act (NEA). The President may, upon declaring a national emergency, restrict or prohibit a wide range of transactions involving “property in which any foreign country or a national thereof has any interest