[20220418]IN11913_公共交通面临大流行后的挑战.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress INSIGHTINSIGHTi i Public Transportation Faces Post-Pandemic Challenges April 18, 2022 The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an unprecedented effect on public transportation agency budgets. Public transportation agencies have kept many buses and trains running, especially to support the travel of “essential workers,” but ridership and fare revenues have plummeted. Public transportation agency budgets have been supported by federal supplemental appropriations totaling $69.5 billion, about five times the pre-pandemic $12 billion in annual federal public transportation support and more than three times the $19 billion coming from fares and other operating revenue annually. While the pandemic is challenging the public transportation industry nationwide, its financial effects are pronounced most on agencies that operate the 15 subway and 32 commuter rail systems in the United States, the largest of which are located in the New York metropolitan area. This is because subways and commuter rail have lost a greater share of ridership than bus systems due to the pandemic and are typically more reliant on fares to c