[20220419]IF11930_叙利亚与美国政策.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated April 19, 2022Syria and U.S. PolicySince 2011, conflict between the government of Syrian President Bashar al Asad and opposition forces seeking his removal has displaced roughly half of the countrys population and killed over half a million people. Five countries operate in or maintain military forces in Syria: Russia, Turkey, Iran, Israel, and the United States. The United States seeks a negotiated political settlement to the Syria conflict and the enduring defeat of the Islamic State (IS, aka ISIS/ISIL). Challenges for U.S. policymakers include: responding to threats posed by IS remnants and detainees, countering groups linked to Al Qaeda, facilitating humanitarian access, and managing Russian and Iranian challenges to U.S. operations in Syria. For a conflict chronology, see CRS In Focus IF11080, Syria Conflict Overview: 2011-2021, by Carla E. Humud. Syria in 2022: Protracted Stalemate In early 2022, U.N. Special Envoy for Syria Geir Pederson described the conflict in Syriabetween the Syrian government and its partners on one side and various opposition and extremist groups on the other sideas a “stalemate,” noting that “militarily, front l