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S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 4 P O L I C Y B R I E FCharting the CourseDirections for the New NATO Secretary GeneralBy Jacob Stokes,Julianne Smith,Nora Bensahel and David BarnoA new leader is preparing to take the helm of the worlds most powerful military alliance as it enters a time of strategic transition.On October 1,former Norwegian Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg will take over from Anders Fogh Rasmussen as secretary general of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO).This transition comes at a time of both increasing threats to NATO member states and broadly declining alliance military capabilities.Ahead of this transition,NATO heads of state and leaders from dozens of NATO partner countries will meet later this week in Newport,Wales.The summit,the first since 2012,comes as NATO is preparing to end its combat mission in Afghanistan and is grappling with ongoing instability in Ukraine.The alliance plans to unveil a number of important new initiatives in Wales,highlighting its resolve,resilience and agility.That said,the next secretary general will face a daunting list of challenges as he seeks to balance NATOs internal dynamics,the alliances future missions and evolving relatio