俄罗斯不幸入侵乌克兰给现代战争上了一课

CSIS BRIEFS|WWW.CSIS.ORG|1THE ISSUERussia has failed to achieve most of its objectives in Ukraine because of poor military planning,significant logistical problems,low combat readiness,and other deficiencies,which undermined Russian military effectiveness.These and other challengesincluding Ukrainian military efforts and Western aidseverely impacted Russian air,ground,cyber,and maritime operations.Russias failures will force the Russian military to fundamentally rethink its training practices,organizational structure,culture,logistics,recruitment and retention policies,and planning efforts.Nevertheless,Russia is still attempting a de facto annexation of parts of eastern and southern Ukraine that it controls.JUNE 2022CSIS BRIEFSBy Seth G.Joneshis analysis examines lessons from Russian air,ground,cyber,and other domains following Moscows February 2022 invasion of Ukraine.It asks:What are some of the most important military lessons from the first three months of the war?What do these lessons suggest about the future of the war?The assessment focuses predominantly on the operational level of warfare,especially the planning and conduct of the military campaign.1 The operational level li