1、1 See generally, William H. Minor, “Identity Cards and Databases in Health Care: The Need forFederal Privacy Protections,” 28 COLUM. J.L. & SOC. PROBS. 253,273 (1995) (quoting publicstatement of Rep. Armey that “we didnt beat back the administrations plan to issue us allhealth security cards only to
2、 have Congress adopt an I.D. card to track down immigrants.”)2 In 1989, a Justice Department task force included a national identity card among options forcontrolling the proliferation of guns. The proposed card would have been issued to all citizensand would have allowed access to criminal records.
3、 Richard Thornburg, then-Attorney General,rejected the identity card proposal. A Justice Department spokesman said at the time thatThornburg viewed such a card as “an infringement on rights of Americans.” Ann Debroy,“Thornburgh Rules Out Two Gun-Control Options: Attorney General Objects to Registrat
4、ionCard for Gun Owners, National Identification Card,” Wash. Post, June 29, 1989 at A41.3 In 1976, Congress added the following language to the Immigration Reform and Control Actof 1976: “Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize, directly or indirectly, theissuance or use of national
