1、 https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated February 26, 2019Iran: Efforts to Preserve Economic Benefits of the Nuclear DealOverview On May 8, 2018, President Trump announced that the United States would cease implementing U.S. commitments under the 2015 multilateral Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (
2、JCPOA) with Iran. On November 5, 2018, at the end of a “wind down period,” all pre-JCPOA U.S. sanctions on foreign firms that conduct transactions in all of Irans core economic sectors, including energy, banking, shipping, and manufacturing, went back into effect. These include sanctions on “petrole
3、um-related transactions” and transactions by foreign banks with Irans Central Bank. In addition, foreign firms that transact business with entities designated by the United States for sanctions could face virtual exclusion from the U.S. economy. The non-U.S. parties to the JCPOAthe United Kingdom (U
4、K), France, Germany, Russia, China, the European Union (EU) and Iranopposed the U.S. move and have sought to preserve the accord. The outcome of their efforts may depend on the degree to which Iran perceives that it continues to receive economic benefits of the agreement. To date, Iran has continued
